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The symbol for Ceres, as well as the second symbol for Uranus, was taken from material published by James L. Hilton. [104] The other dwarf-planet symbols were invented by Denis Moskowitz, a software engineer in Massachusetts. His symbols for Haumea, Makemake, and Eris appear in a NASA JPL infographic, as does the second symbol for Pluto. [105]
These five bodies – the three under consideration in 2006 (Pluto, Ceres and Eris) plus the two named in 2008 (Haumea and Makemake) – are commonly presented as the dwarf planets of the Solar System, though the limiting factor (albedo) is not what defines an object as a dwarf planet. [59]
Pluto–Charon, Eris, Haumea, Gonggong, Makemake, Quaoar, and Sedna are either known (Pluto) or strong candidates (the others). Orcus is again just above the threshold by size, though it is bright. There are a number of smaller bodies, estimated to be between 700 and 900 km in diameter, for most of which not enough is known to apply these criteria.
Makemake Haumea The bodies included in this table are: (1) planemos ; (2) major planets , dwarf planets , or moons of major or dwarf planets, or stars ; (3) hydrostatically round so as to be able to provide a geodetic datum line.
Ceres ⚳ Pallas ⚴ Juno ⚵ ... Pluto ♇ Moons of Pluto. Charon; Haumea. Moons of Haumea; Ring of Haumea; Makemake. Moon of Makemake; Quaoar. Moon of Quaoar; Rings ...
There is a strong consensus among astronomers that the Solar System has at least nine dwarf planets: Ceres, Orcus, Pluto, Haumea, Quaoar, Makemake, Gonggong, Eris, and Sedna. There are a vast number of small Solar System bodies, such as asteroids, comets, centaurs, meteoroids, and interplanetary dust clouds.
It can easily be trimmed back to reflect Pluto's demotion to dwarf planet. "My Very Elegant Mother Just Sat Upon Nine Porcupines" [1] "Mary's violet eyes make Johnnie stay up nights pondering" [2] With the IAU's 2006 definition of planet which reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet, along with Ceres and Eris, these mnemonics became obsolete.
Haumea has two natural satellites; Orcus, Quaoar, Makemake, Gonggong, and Eris have one each. The Pluto–Charon system is unusual in that the center of mass lies in open space between the two, a characteristic sometimes associated with a double-planet system.