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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD.Approaches that have been evaluated in the management of ADHD symptoms include FDA-approved pharmacologic treatment and other pharmaceutical agents, psychological or behavioral approaches, combined pharmacological and behavioral approaches, cognitive training ...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [1] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by executive dysfunction occasioning symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and developmentally-inappropriate.
Per DSM-5 criteria, children must display “six or more symptoms in either the inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive domain, or both,” for the diagnosis of ADHD. [3] Older adolescents and adults (age 17 and older) need to demonstrate at least five symptoms before the age of 12 in either domain to meet diagnostic criteria.
The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was found to be 3.4% overall in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, among primary school students between the years of 2015 and 2016, with 22 children having symptoms that were both reported by their parents and teachers. The gender split among them was 3:1, with 13 (5.7%) boys and 9 (2.1%) girls. [17]
Based on the above symptoms, three types of ADHD are defined: a predominantly inattentive presentation (ADHD-I) a predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation (ADHD-HI) a combined presentation (ADHD-C) The predominantly inattentive presentation (ADHD-I) is restricted to the official inattention symptoms (see table above) and only to those ...
Those diagnosed with ADD-H were distinguished as more prone to daydreaming and developing lethargic and hypoactive behaviors in academic settings. In 1987, revisions to DSM renamed the disorder to "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" (ADHD). The DSM combined the symptoms lists for inattentive, impulsivity, and hyperactivity into a single ...
Atomoxetine is sometimes used in the treatment of cognitive impairment and frontal lobe symptoms due to conditions like traumatic brain injury (TBI). [47] [48] It is used to treat ADHD-like symptoms such as sustained attentional problems, disinhibition, [49] lack of arousal, fatigue, and depression, including symptoms from cognitive disengagement syndrome. [47]
In the use of atomoxetine in children (6 years or older up to 70 kg) with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, acute treatment should be started with approximately 0.5 mg/kg orally daily. The dose should be increased after a minimum of 3 days up to approximately 1.2 mg/kg daily (target dose) as a single or two divided doses (in the morning ...