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To schedule a job , an algorithm has to choose a machine count and assign j to a starting time and to machines during the time interval [, +,). A usual assumption for this kind of problem is that the total workload of a job, which is defined as d ⋅ p j , d {\displaystyle d\cdot p_{j,d}} , is non-increasing for an increasing number of machines.
The scheduler will list all the tasks and their dependencies on each other in terms of execution and start times. The scheduler will produce the optimal schedule in terms of number of processors to be used or the total execution time for the application.
Concurrent computations may be executed in parallel, [3] [6] for example, by assigning each process to a separate processor or processor core, or distributing a computation across a network. The exact timing of when tasks in a concurrent system are executed depends on the scheduling, and tasks need not
The idea of work stealing goes back to the implementation of the Multilisp programming language and work on parallel functional programming languages in the 1980s. [2] It is employed in the scheduler for the Cilk programming language, [3] the Java fork/join framework, [4] the .NET Task Parallel Library, [5] and the Rust Tokio runtime. [6] [7]
It is a C++ template library with six data-parallel and one task-parallel skeletons, two container types, and support for execution on multi-GPU systems both with CUDA and OpenCL. Recently, support for hybrid execution, performance-aware dynamic scheduling and load balancing is developed in SkePU by implementing a backend for the StarPU runtime ...
The basic form of the problem of scheduling jobs with multiple (M) operations, over M machines, such that all of the first operations must be done on the first machine, all of the second operations on the second, etc., and a single job cannot be performed in parallel, is known as the flow-shop scheduling problem.
Fork–join is the main model of parallel execution in the OpenMP framework, although OpenMP implementations may or may not support nesting of parallel sections. [6] It is also supported by the Java concurrency framework, [7] the Task Parallel Library for .NET, [8] and Intel's Threading Building Blocks (TBB). [1]
Concurrent and parallel programming languages involve multiple timelines. Such languages provide synchronization constructs whose behavior is defined by a parallel execution model . A concurrent programming language is defined as one which uses the concept of simultaneously executing processes or threads of execution as a means of structuring a ...