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By fixing the superstructure at one end, while allowing the other end of a span to move freely in the longitudinal direction, thermal stresses are alleviated and the lifespan of the bridge increased. A concrete girder bridge pier during construction prior to installation of the bridge deck and parapets, consisting of multiple angled pylons for ...
A Rigid-frame bridge is a bridge in which the superstructure and substructure are rigidly connected to act as a continuous unit. Typically, the structure is cast monolithically, making the structure continuous from deck to foundation. The connections between members are rigid connections which transfer bending moment, axial forces, and shear ...
In the deck-type bridge, a wood, steel or reinforced concrete bridge deck is supported on top of two or more plate girders, and may act compositely with them. In the case of railroad bridges, the railroad ties themselves may form the bridge deck, or the deck may support ballast on which the track is laid.
Girder bridge: 1981 Austria Twimberg Highway 5 Rago viaduct P2 150 m Box girder bridge: 1974 Italy Morano Calabro: Highway 6 Europe bridge: P4 146,5 m Box girder bridge: 1963 Austria Brenner Autobahn: Highway 7 Italia Viaduct: P3 145 m Box girder bridge: 1974 Italy Laino Borgo: Highway 8 Millau Viaduct: P4 144,55 m Cable-stayed bridge: 2004 ...
A suspended bridge deck will be suspended from the main structural elements on a suspension or arch bridge. On some bridges, such as a tied-arch or a cable-stayed , the deck is a primary structural element , carrying tension or compression to support the span.
Stressed ribbon bridge: a modern descendant of the simple suspension bridge. The deck lies on the main cables, but is stiff, not flexible. Suspension bridge (more precisely, suspended-deck suspension bridge): the most familiar type. Though technically all the types listed here are suspension bridges, when unqualified with adjectives the term ...
Such modern bridges include girder, plate girder, and box girder bridges, all types of beam bridges. Types of construction could include having many beams side by side with a deck across the top of them, to a main beam either side supporting a deck between them. The main beams could be I-beams, trusses, or box girders.
Attempts have been made to increase the safety of bridges with pin and hanger assemblies by adding some form of redundancy to the assembly. Retrofits that add redundancy to pin and hanger assemblies include adding a "catcher's mitt"—a short steel beam attached to the bottom of the cantilevered girder that extends out beneath the suspended girder to "catch" the suspended girder should ...