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The growth rate of a group is a well-defined notion from asymptotic analysis. To say that a finitely generated group has polynomial growth means the number of elements of length at most n (relative to a symmetric generating set) is bounded above by a polynomial function p(n). The order of growth is then the least degree of any such polynomial ...
The free abelian group has a polynomial growth rate of order d. The discrete Heisenberg group H 3 {\displaystyle H_{3}} has a polynomial growth rate of order 4. This fact is a special case of the general theorem of Hyman Bass and Yves Guivarch that is discussed in the article on Gromov's theorem .
A linear group is not amenable if and only if it contains a non-abelian free group (thus the von Neumann conjecture, while not true in general, holds for linear groups). The Tits alternative is an important ingredient [2] in the proof of Gromov's theorem on groups of polynomial growth. In fact the alternative essentially establishes the result ...
See Gromov's theorem on groups of polynomial growth. (Also see D. Edwards for an earlier work.) The key ingredient in the proof was the observation that for the Cayley graph of a group with polynomial growth a sequence of rescalings converges in the pointed Gromov–Hausdorff sense.
The Breuillard–Green–Tao theorem on classification of approximate groups can be used to give a new proof of Gromov's theorem on groups of polynomial growth.The result obtained is actually a bit stronger since it establishes that there exists a "growth gap" between virtually nilpotent groups (of polynomial growth) and other groups; that is, there exists a (superpolynomial) function such ...
In abstract algebra, group theory studies the algebraic structures known as groups. The concept of a group is central to abstract algebra: other well-known algebraic structures, such as rings, fields, and vector spaces, can all be seen as groups endowed with additional operations and axioms. Groups recur throughout mathematics, and the methods ...
In mathematics, especially in the area of abstract algebra that studies infinite groups, the adverb virtually is used to modify a property so that it need only hold for a subgroup of finite index. Given a property P, the group G is said to be virtually P if there is a finite index subgroup H ≤ G {\displaystyle H\leq G} such that H has property P.
The manipulations of the Rubik's Cube form the Rubik's Cube group.. In mathematics, a group is a set with an operation that associates an element of the set to every pair of elements of the set (as does every binary operation) and satisfies the following constraints: the operation is associative, it has an identity element, and every element of the set has an inverse element.