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Year 536 (Roman numerals: DXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.At the time, it was known as the Year after the Consulship of Belisarius.. In 2018, medieval scholar Michael McCormick nominated 536 as "the worst year to be alive" because of the volcanic winter of 536 caused by a volcanic eruption early in the year, causing average temperatures in Europe and China to ...
The volcanic winter of 536 was the most severe and protracted episode of climatic cooling in the Northern Hemisphere in the last 2,000 years. [1] The volcanic winter was caused by at least three simultaneous eruptions of uncertain origin, with several possible locations proposed in various continents.
The period coincides with three large volcanic eruptions in 535/536, 539/540 and 547. The volcanic winter of 536 was the early phenomenon of the century-long global temperature decline. One study suggested a global cooling of 2 °C (3.6 °F). [2]
This eruption was the largest in at least 1,300 years (after the hypothesized eruption causing the volcanic winter of 536); its effect on the climate may have been exacerbated by the 1814 eruption of Mayon in the Philippines. The significant amount of volcanic ash and gases released into the atmosphere blocked sunlight, leading to global cooling.
The Eastern Roman emperor, Justinian I (reigned 527–565), used this as a pretext to send forces to Italy under his famed general Belisarius, recapturing the city next year, on 9 December AD 536. In 537–538, the Eastern Romans successfully defended the city in a year-long siege against the Ostrogothic army, and eventually took Ravenna, too.
The Ostrogoth garrison quickly realized that, with the population hostile, their position was untenable. Thus, on 9 December 536 AD, Belisarius entered Rome through the Asinarian Gate at the head of 5,000 troops, while the Ostrogoth garrison was leaving the city through the Flaminian Gate and headed north towards Ravenna. [6]
(See Extreme weather events of 535–536.) This Buddhist stela from China, Northern Wei period, was built in the early 6th century. 537: Battle of Camlann, final battle of legendary King Arthur. 541–542: First pandemic of bubonic plague (Plague of Justinian) hits Constantinople and the rest of Byzantine Empire.
The Siege of Carthage occurred around Easter of 536, [1] [2] when dissatisfied Byzantine soldiers revolted against Solomon, the ruler of the Praetorian prefecture of Africa, because he refused to share with the soldiers the wealth that had been plundered from the Vandal Kingdom, which had been defeated two years prior in 534.