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  2. Rare-earth element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_element

    The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths, and sometimes the lanthanides or lanthanoids (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), [1] are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals. Compounds containing rare ...

  3. Rare-earth mineral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_mineral

    Rare-earth ore, shown with a United States penny for size comparison. A rare-earth mineral contains one or more rare-earth elements as major metal constituents. Rare-earth minerals are usually found in association with alkaline to peralkaline igneous complexes in pegmatites. This would be associated with alkaline magmas or with carbonatite ...

  4. Lanthanide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide

    The term rare-earth element or rare-earth metal is often used to include the stable group 3 elements Sc, Y, and Lu in addition to the 4f elements. [8] All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln 3+, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum (La) to lutetium (Lu).

  5. Yttrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium

    The study shows that more than 16 million short tons (15 billion kilograms) of rare-earth elements could be "exploited in the near future." As well as yttrium (Y), which is used in products like camera lenses and mobile phone screens, the rare-earth elements found are europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), and dysprosium (Dy). [55]

  6. Neodymium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymium

    Neodymium is a fairly common element in the Earth's crust for being a rare-earth metal. Most rare-earth metals are less abundant. Neodymium is classified as a lithophile under the Goldschmidt classification, meaning that it is generally found combined with oxygen. Although it belongs to the rare-earth metals, neodymium is not rare at all.

  7. Category:Rare earth elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Rare_earth_elements

    Rare earth scientists (122 P) Pages in category "Rare earth elements" The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total.

  8. Naturally occurring radioactive material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_occurring...

    (a) the extraction, production and use of rare earth elements and rare earth element alloys; (b) the mining and processing of ores other than uranium ore; (c) the production of oil and gas; (d) the removal and management of radioactive scales and precipitates from equipment associated with industrial activities;

  9. Praseodymium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praseodymium

    Praseodymium always occurs naturally together with the other rare-earth metals. It is the sixth-most abundant rare-earth element and fourth-most abundant lanthanide, making up 9.1 parts per million of the Earth's crust, an abundance similar to that of boron. In 1841, Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander extracted a rare-earth oxide residue he ...

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