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The European Union issued the EFC-directive, [6] in order to standardize European toll collection systems. Systems deployed after January 1, 2007 must support at least one of the following technologies: satellite positioning, mobile communications using the GSM-GPRS standard or 5.8 GHz microwave technology. The Directive also suggested that the ...
Electronic toll collection (ETC) is a wireless system to automatically collect the usage fee or toll charged to vehicles using toll roads, HOV lanes, toll bridges, and toll tunnels. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a faster alternative which is replacing toll booths , where vehicles must stop and the driver manually pays the toll with cash or a card.
The system was opened two years behind schedule on January 1, 2005. It was the first system in the world that deployed a national GNSS road pricing scheme. The charge per kilometre varies according to the number of axles and the vehicle's emission category, and is between 9 and 14 cents per kilometre.
The system uses open road tolling; vehicles do not stop or slow down to pay tolls. [4] [5] Singapore was the first city in the world to implement an electronic road toll collection system for purposes of congestion pricing. [6]
This page was last edited on 12 September 2021, at 21:13 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
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Bakwena N1N4 Toll Concession [2] The Bakwena N1N4 Toll is a separate system and has been operating for the past 12 years. The e-tag system employed by Sanral is also compatible with the current Bakwena tags and may be registered with Sanral's e-toll system for use on certain sections of the N1 and N4 towards Bela-Bela, Rustenburg and Botswana. [3]
In 2003, all Greater Houston area toll-roads operated by Harris County Toll Road Authority and Fort Bend County Toll Road Authority (), and all Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex area toll-roads operated by North Texas Tollway Authority became compatible with TxTag, with the exception of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport and Dallas Love Field airport parking, where NTTA's TollTag is the only ...