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In welding, equivalent carbon content (C.E) is used to understand how the different alloying elements affect hardness of the steel being welded. This is then directly related to hydrogen-induced cold cracking, which is the most common weld defect for steel, thus it is most commonly used to determine weldability.
The weldability, also known as joinability, [1] of a material refers to its ability to be welded. Many metals and thermoplastics can be welded, but some are easier to weld than others (see Rheological weldability). A material's weldability is used to determine the welding process and to compare the final weld quality to other materials.
In materials science, the Charpy impact test, also known as the Charpy V-notch test, is a standardized high strain rate test which determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. Absorbed energy is a measure of the material's notch toughness. It is widely used in industry, since it is easy to prepare and conduct and ...
Weld quality assurance is the use of technological methods and actions to test or assure the quality of welds, and secondarily to confirm the presence, location and coverage of welds. [original research?] In manufacturing, welds are used to join two or more metal surfaces.
The weld structure can be examined by optical microscopy [3] [4] [5] and scanning electron microscopy. [ 6 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 3 ] The computer finite element method (FEM) is used to predict the shape of the flash and interface and others, not only for rotary friction welding (RFW), [ 7 ] but also for friction stir welding (FSW), [ 8 ] [ 9 ] linear ...
Similar to welding metals, the solidified polymer weld experiences residual stresses inherent to the joining process. With polymers, these residual stresses are in part due to the squeeze flow rate leading to a specific molecular alignment direction, ultimately influencing the weld strength and overall quality. [ 10 ]
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Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification based on pre-production welding test ISO 15614: Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure test, 13 parts. ISO 15615: Gas welding equipment.