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Caste systems in Africa are a form of social stratification found in numerous ethnic groups, found in over fifteen countries, particularly in the Sahel, West Africa, and North Africa. [1] These caste systems feature endogamy , hierarchical status, inherited occupation, membership by birth, pollution concepts and restraints on commensality.
Social apartheid is de facto segregation on the basis of class or economic status, in which an underclass is forced to exist separated from the rest of the population. [1]The word "apartheid", an Afrikaans word meaning "separation", gained its current connotation during the years of South Africa's Apartheid system of government-imposed racial segregation, which took place between 1948 and ...
The various factors that determine ascribed status can be age (as in age stratification), kinship, sex, appearance, race, social group, gender, ability status, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, culture, or caste. In addition to ascription, at birth there are also: Delayed ascription (when social status is given at a later stage of life)
In a review of social stratification systems in Africa, Richter reports that the term caste has been used by French and American scholars to many groups of West African artisans. These groups have been described as inferior, deprived of all political power, have a specific occupation, are hereditary and sometimes despised by others.
Collins is a social theorist whose work and research primarily focuses on race, social class, sexuality, and gender. She has written a number of books and articles on said topics. [11] Collins work focuses on Intersectionality, by looking at issues through the lens of women of color. In her work, she writes "First, we need new visions of what ...
The social status variables underlying social stratification are based in social perceptions and attitudes about various characteristics of persons and peoples. While many such variables cut across time and place, the relative weight placed on each variable and specific combinations of these variables will differ from place to place over time.
M.G. Smith also discussed thoroughly the Hausa system of social status in his work "The Hausa system of social status." [28] In that article it is explained that wives are ranked according to their order of marriage: the first-married wife is the uwar gida or highest-ranking wife; she is most respected and has greatest authority over other ...
Slavery in South Africa was officially abolished in 1833 with the Slavery Abolition Act. [94] There are many examples of racism and discriminatory practices during the colonial period, such as the allocation of rations during the Siege of Ladysmith: [95] For Whites—Biscuit, 1/4 lb.; Maize meal, 3 oz. For Indians and Kaffirs—Maize meal, 8 oz.