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Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of one or both monoamine oxidase enzymes: monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). They are best known as effective antidepressants , especially for treatment-resistant depression and atypical depression . [ 1 ]
Selegiline inhibits MAO-B by 50% at a very low concentration of 26 pg/mL in vivo, indicating that it is a very potent MAO-B inhibitor. [36] It is about 500 to 1,000 times more potent in inhibiting MAO-B than MAO-A in vitro and about 100 times more potent in vivo in rodents.
While its half-life is only about 2 hours, its pharmacodynamic effects last several days to weeks due to irreversible inhibition of MAO. [20] Metabolites of tranylcypromine include 4-hydroxytranylcypromine, N-acetyltranylcypromine, and N-acetyl-4-hydroxytranylcypromine, which are less potent MAO inhibitors than tranylcypromine itself. [20]
Pargyline, sold under the brand name Eutonyl among others, is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) medication which has been used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) but is no longer marketed. [4] [5] [6] It has also been studied as an antidepressant, but was never licensed for use in the treatment of depression. [7] [8] The drug is ...
Phenelzine, sold under the brand name Nardil among others, is a non-selective and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine family which is primarily used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic to treat depression and anxiety. [3]
11 Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) Toggle Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) subsection. 11.1 Irreversible. 11.1.1 Non-selective. 11.1.2 Selective for MAO-B ...
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Iproniazid (Marsilid, Rivivol, Euphozid, Iprazid, Ipronid, Ipronin) is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class. [1] [2] It is a xenobiotic that was originally designed to treat tuberculosis, but was later most prominently used as an antidepressant drug.