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Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption. [47] Because they are not as readily stored, more consistent intake is important. [48] Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract with the ...
The tocopherols function as fat-soluble antioxidants which may help protect cell membranes from reactive oxygen species. Vitamin E is classified as an essential nutrient for humans. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Various government organizations recommend that adults consume between 3 and 15 mg per day, while a 2016 worldwide review reported a median ...
Bile acids have other functions, including eliminating cholesterol from the body, driving the flow of bile to eliminate certain catabolites (including bilirubin), emulsifying fat-soluble vitamins to enable their absorption, and aiding in motility and the reduction of the bacteria flora found in the small intestine and biliary tract. [1] [2]
Vitamin D is a group of structurally related, fat-soluble compounds responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, along with numerous other biological functions. [1] [2] In humans, the most important compounds within this group are vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol). [2] [3]
Since bile increases the absorption of fats, it is an important part of the absorption of the fat-soluble substances, [10] such as the vitamins A, D, E, and K. [11] Besides its digestive function, bile serves also as the route of excretion for bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cells recycled by the liver.
The functions of the liver, which is the body's largest internal organ, include "processing nutrients, medications and hormones; producing bile, which helps the body absorb fats, cholesterol and ...
The "fat-soluble" vitamins (A, D, E and K) – which are isoprene-based lipids – are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. [77]
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is an essential nutrient.The term "vitamin A" encompasses a group of chemically related organic compounds that includes retinol, retinyl esters, and several provitamin (precursor) carotenoids, most notably β-carotene (beta-carotene).
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