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The wheel and tire assembly attach to the hub or spindle of the knuckle where the tire/wheel rotates while being held in a stable plane of motion by the knuckle/suspension assembly. In the attached photograph of a double-wishbone suspension, the knuckle is shown attached to the upper control arm at the top and the lower control arm at the bottom.
Spindles or uprights - Jaguar left and Holden Gemini right The wheel spindle in the illustration is colored red. In an automobile, the wheel spindle, sometimes called simply the spindle, is the part of the suspension system that carries the hub for the wheel and attaches to the upper and lower control arms.
With this suspension, the scrub radius is not adjustable. The greater the scrub radius (positive or negative), the greater the steering effort is. When the vehicle has been modified with offset wheels, larger tires, height adjustments and side to side camber differences, the scrub radius will be changed and the handling and stability of the ...
A short long arms suspension (SLA) is also known as an unequal-length double wishbone suspension. The upper arm is typically an A-arm and is shorter than the lower link, which is an A-arm or an L-arm, or sometimes a pair of tension/compression arms. In the latter case, the suspension can be called a multi-link, or dual-ball joint suspension.
Torsion bar suspension inside Leopard 2 Schematic of a front axle highlighted to show torsion bar. A torsion bar suspension, also known as a torsion spring suspension, is any vehicle suspension that uses a torsion bar as its main weight-bearing spring. One end of a long metal bar is attached firmly to the vehicle chassis; the opposite end ...
Simple approximation for designing Ackermann geometry. A simple approximation to perfect Ackermann steering geometry may be generated by moving the steering pivot points [clarification needed] inward so as to lie on a line drawn between the steering kingpins, which is the pivot point, and the centre of the rear axle. [3]
Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. [1] Suspension systems must support both road holding/handling and ride quality, [2] which are at odds with each other. The tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise.
Automotive suspension design is an aspect of automotive engineering, concerned with designing the suspension for cars and trucks. Suspension design for other vehicles is similar, though the process may not be as well established. The process entails Selecting appropriate vehicle level targets; Selecting a system architecture