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Lactate inflection point (LIP) is the exercise intensity at which the blood concentration of lactate and/or lactic acid begins to increase rapidly. [1] It is often expressed as 85% of maximum heart rate or 75% of maximum oxygen intake. [2]
Cardiotocography is used to monitor fetal heart rate. Decreased movement felt by the mother; Meconium in the amniotic fluid ("meconium stained fluid") Non-reassuring patterns seen on cardiotocography: increased or decreased fetal heart rate (tachycardia and bradycardia), especially during and after a contraction; decreased variability in the ...
The heart adapts to the increased cardiac demand that occurs during pregnancy in many ways. Cardiac output (Lit./Min.): 6.26; Stroke Volume (Ml.): 75; Heart Rate (Per min.): 85; Blood Pressure: Unaffected; Cardiac output increases throughout early pregnancy, and peaks in the third trimester, usually to 30-50% above baseline. [6]
Cori cycle. The Cori cycle (also known as the lactic acid cycle), named after its discoverers, Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Cori, [1] is a metabolic pathway in which lactate, produced by anaerobic glycolysis in muscles, is transported to the liver and converted to glucose, which then returns to the muscles and is cyclically metabolized back to lactate.
The use of fetal scalp blood testing originated in Germany in 1961 and required 0.25 mL of blood drawn from the fetus. [1] As one of the first methods of monitoring fetal wellbeing during labor, there were many disadvantages including the need for at least 3 cm dilation of the mother and extreme precision from the physician performing the procedure. [9]
Undissociated lactic acid can cross the rumen wall to the blood, [29] where it dissociates, lowering blood pH. Both L and D isomers of lactic acid are produced in the rumen; [24] these isomers are metabolized by different metabolic pathways, and activity of the principal enzyme involved in metabolism of the D isomer declines greatly with lower ...
“So you can do things that will briefly lower your heart rate—like deep breathing and meditation—but if you are trying to lower your overall heart rate over a longer period of time, the ...
During this time it can augment the energy produced by aerobic metabolism but is limited by the buildup of lactate. Rest eventually becomes necessary. [ 2 ] The anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid) system is dominant from about 10–30 seconds during a maximal effort.