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Meanwhile, the traditional chữ Nôm, in which Girolamo Maiorica was an expert, was the main script conveying Catholic faith to Vietnamese until the late 19th century. [ 6 ] Since the late 17th century, French missionaries of the Foreign Missions Society and Spanish missionaries of the Dominican Order were gradually became active in ...
The Catholic Church in Vietnam comprises solely a Latin rite hierarchy, joint in a national episcopal conference, comprising three metropolitan archdioceses and 24 suffragan dioceses. There are no Eastern Catholic, (missionary) pre-diocesan or other exempt jurisdictions.
By 2004, the diocese of Hai Phòng had about 113,092 believers (2.4% of the population), 29 priests and 62 parishes. [5] Queen of the Rosary Cathedral in Hai Phong has been assigned as the Cathedral of the diocese. [6] Many migrant workers from other regions of Vietnam, who work in that busy port city, attend masses in Hai Phong. [4]
Cathedrals of the Roman Catholic Church in Vietnam: [1] Mary Mother of God Cathedral in Bà Rịa of Bà Rịa diocese; Queen of the Rosary Cathedral in Bắc Ninh of Bắc Ninh diocese; Sacred Heart Cathedral in Buôn Ma Thuột of Buôn Ma Thuột diocese; Queen of the Rosary Cathedral in Nam Định of Bùi Chu diocese
The first Catholic missionaries visited Vietnam from Portugal and Spain in the 16th century. In 1524, Portuguese merchant Duarte Coelho's fleet arrived in Hội An, central Vietnam, to trade, bringing along Catholic missionaries. [4] A missionary named I-nê-khu arrived in Nam Định, northern Vietnam, in 1533.
[3] The archdiocese ministers often take part in international exchanges and contacts, though with special permission of the Vietnamese authorities. The young Catholics from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Ho Chi Minh city and Archdiocese of Hanoi formed in 2006 an organization for helping children in rural and underdeveloped areas of Vietnam. [4]
The modern Vietnamese alphabet chữ Quốc ngữ was created by Portuguese and Italian Jesuit missionaries and institutionalized by Alexandre de Rhodes with the first printing of Catholic texts in Vietnamese in 1651, but not the Bible. Some New Testament extracts were translated and printed in catechisms in Thailand in 1872.
During Nguyễn Ánh's subsequent rule as Emperor Gia Long, the Catholic faith was permitted unimpeded missionary activities out of his respect to his benefactors. [39] By the time of the Emperor's accession in 1802, Vietnam had three Catholic dioceses with 320,000 members and over 120 Vietnamese priests. [40]