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Data in a RAW-file is structured according to the Bayer filter's pattern in cameras that use a single image sensor. Debayering, the process of obtaining bitmap data from a RAW-image is always a lossy operation. [citation needed] In addition, some downsampling is always performed, again reducing image information.
The ASCII ("plain") formats allow for human readability and easy transfer to other platforms; the binary ("raw") formats are easier to parse by programs and more efficient in file size. In the binary formats, PBM uses 1 bit per pixel, PGM uses 8 or 16 bits per pixel, and PPM uses 24 or 48 bits per pixel: 8/16 for red, 8/16 for green, 8/16 for blue.
A binary image of 640×480 pixels has a file size of only 37.5 KiB, and most also compress well with simple run-length compression. A binary image format is often used in contexts where it is important to have a small file size for transmission or storage, or due to color limitations on displays or printers.
This processing, whether done in-camera or later in a raw-file converter, involves a number of operations, typically including: [30] [31] decoding – image data of raw files are typically encoded for compression purpose, but also often for obfuscation purpose (e.g. raw files from Canon [32] or Nikon cameras). [33]
It is lossless for half and 32-bit integer data and slightly lossy for 32-bit float data. B44 This form of compression is lossy for half data and stores 32-bit data uncompressed. It maintains a fixed compression size of either 2.28:1 or 4.57:1 and is designed for realtime playback. B44 compresses uniformly regardless of image content. [17] B44A
While data reduction (compression, be it lossy or lossless) is a main goal of transform coding, it also allows other goals: one may represent data more accurately for the original amount of space [5] – for example, in principle, if one starts with an analog or high-resolution digital master, an MP3 file of a given size should provide a better ...
File size is a measure of how much data a computer file contains or how much storage space it is allocated. Typically, file size is expressed in units based on byte . A large value is often expressed with a metric prefix (as in megabyte and gigabyte ) or a binary prefix (as in mebibyte and gibibyte ).
The information in this header is designed to calculate the byte offset of some information in the subsequent data unit to support direct access to the data cells. Each FITS file consists of one or more headers containing ASCII card images (80 character fixed-length strings) that carry keyword/value pairs, interleaved between data blocks. The ...
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