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Additionally, chemical burns can be caused by biological toxins (such as anthrax toxin) and by some types of cytotoxic chemical weapons, e.g., vesicants such as mustard gas and Lewisite, or urticants such as phosgene oxime. Chemical burns may: need no source of heat; occur immediately on contact; not be immediately evident or noticeable; be ...
Alcohol dehydrogenase instead enzymatically converts ethanol to acetaldehyde, a less toxic organic molecule. [ 15 ] [ 20 ] Additional treatment may include sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis, and hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration to remove methanol and formate from the blood. [ 15 ]
Cooling the burn with cold running water has been shown to be beneficial if accomplished within 30 minutes of the injury. [18] The pain or inflammation can then be effectively treated using acetaminophen (paracetamol), or ibuprofen. Ice, butter, cream and ointment cannot be used since they can worsen the burn. [19]
Treatment depends on the severity of the burn. [2] Superficial burns may be managed with little more than simple pain medication, while major burns may require prolonged treatment in specialized burn centers. [2] Cooling with tap water may help pain and decrease damage; however, prolonged cooling may result in low body temperature.
Methanol burns well in an unpressurized burner, so alcohol stoves are often very simple, sometimes little more than a cup to hold fuel. This lack of complexity makes them a favorite of hikers who spend extended time in the wilderness. Similarly, the alcohol can be gelled to reduce risk of leaking or spilling, as with the brand "Sterno".
Topical steroids can reduce the severity of the burns. If sap gets into your eyes, rinse them and wear sunglasses. After a burn, skin can be especially sensitive to sun exposure for several years.
The intense heat generated by a lightning strike can burn tissue, and cause lung damage, and the chest can be damaged by the mechanical force of rapidly expanding heated air. [ 4 ] Just as heat can cause expanding air in the lungs, the explosive shock wave created by lightning (the cause of thunder) can cause concussive and hearing damage at ...
Rubbing alcohol, also known as surgical spirit in some regions, refers to a group of denatured alcohols commonly used as topical antiseptics. These solutions are primarily composed of either isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol) or ethanol , with isopropyl alcohol being the more widely available formulation.