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1672 — Laurent Cassegrain, produces a design for a reflecting telescope using a paraboloid primary mirror and a hyperboloid secondary mirror. The design, named 'Cassegrain', is still used in astronomical telescopes used in observatories in 2006. 1674 — Robert Hooke produces a reflecting telescope based on the Gregorian design.
Notes on Hans Lippershey's unsuccessful telescope patent in 1608. The first record of a telescope comes from the Netherlands in 1608. It is in a patent filed by Middelburg spectacle-maker Hans Lippershey with the States General of the Netherlands on 2 October 1608 for his instrument "for seeing things far away as if they were nearby." [12] A few weeks later another Dutch instrument-maker ...
9th century – quadrant invented by Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī in 9th century Baghdad and is used for astronomical calculations [2] 800–33 – The first modern observatory research institute built in Baghdad, Iraq, by Arabic astronomers during time of Al-Mamun [3]
Zacharias Janssen; also Zacharias Jansen or Sacharias Jansen; 1585 – pre-1632 [1]) was a Dutch spectacle-maker who lived most of his life in Middelburg.He is associated with the invention of the first optical telescope and/or the first truly compound microscope, but these claims (made 20 years after his death) may be fabrications put forward by his son.
From this work he concluded that any refracting telescope would suffer from the dispersion of light into colours. He went on to invent a reflecting telescope (today known as a Newtonian telescope), which showed that using a mirror to form an image bypassed the problem. In 1671 the Royal Society asked for a demonstration of his reflecting telescope.
The 10-meter Keck telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, is completed. The first revolutionary new wave of telescopes, the Keck's main mirror is made of 36 six-sided segments, with computers to control their alignment. New optical telescopes also make use of interferometry – improving resolution by combining images from separate telescopes.
Astronomy in the Indian subcontinent dates back to the period of Indus Valley Civilisation during 3rd millennium BC, when it was used to create calendars. [29] As the Indus Valley civilization did not leave behind written documents, the oldest extant Indian astronomical text is the Vedanga Jyotisha , dating from the Vedic period . [ 30 ]
The largest and most famous of Herschel's telescopes was a reflecting telescope with a 49 1 ⁄ 2-inch-diameter (1.26 m) primary mirror and a 40-foot (12 m) focal length. The 40-foot telescope was, at that time, the largest scientific instrument that had been built. It was hailed as a triumph of "human perseverance and zeal for the sublimest ...