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The term "biguanidine" often refers specifically to a class of drugs that function as oral antihyperglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. [4] Examples include: Metformin - widely used in treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2; Phenformin - withdrawn from the market in most countries due to toxic effects
The commercial route involves a two step process starting with the reaction of dicyandiamide with ammonium salts. Via the intermediacy of biguanidine, this ammonolysis step affords salts of the guanidinium cation (see below). In the second step, the salt is treated with base, such as sodium methoxide. [8]
In a subsequent publication however, Alexander Shulgin stated that DOSB was inactive at 25 mg orally. [4] David E. Nichols also said that DOSB was inactive at up to 10 mg orally. [9] DOSB was first described in the scientific literature by 1984. [8] [9] Some other notable analogues of DOSB include DOBU (n-butyl), DOIB (iso-butyl), and DOTB (sec ...
This page was last edited on 14 May 2014, at 13:04 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply ...
Sequence encoded routing Synthesis of a single-pharmacophore library by stepwise coupling and encoding. Harbury and Halpin developed DNA template libraries that direct like genes the synthesis of DNA encoded organic libraries. [22] [23] The members of the template combinatorial library contain the codes of all BBs and their order of couplings ...
The publication is one of the most widely cited texts in environmental chemistry. In 1999, Stumm and Morgan received the Stockholm Water Prize for their contributions in the field. The citation specifically mentioned Aquatic Chemistry where it was described as a "seminal book" that is "used in education all over the world". [18]
In 1973, Marc Julia and Jean-Marc Paris reported a novel olefin synthesis in which β-acyloxysulfones were reductively eliminated to the corresponding di-, tri-, or tetrasubstituted alkenes. Basil Lythgoe and Philip J. Kocienski explored the scope and limitation of the reaction, and today this olefination is formally known as the Julia-Lythgoe ...
The Staudinger synthesis, also called the Staudinger ketene-imine cycloaddition, is a chemical synthesis in which an imine 1 reacts with a ketene 2 through a non-photochemical 2+2 cycloaddition to produce a β-lactam 3. [1] The reaction carries particular importance in the synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics. [2]