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The Indonesian language serves as the national and official language, the language of education, communication, transaction and trade documentation, the development of national culture, science, technology, and mass media. It also serves as a vehicle of communication among the provinces and different regional cultures in the country. [74]
[12] [13] [14] The Indonesian language is primarily used in commerce, administration, education and the media, and thus nearly every Indonesian speaks the language to varying degrees of proficiency. [15] Most Indonesians speak other languages, such as Javanese, as their first language. [2] This makes plurilingualism a norm in Indonesia. [15]
Indonesia, [c] officially the Republic of Indonesia, [d] is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Comprising over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at 1,904,569 square kilometres (735,358 square miles).
Indonesian cinema, a struggling and developing industry; Indonesian literature, literature from Indonesia and Southeast Asia with shared language roots; Indonesian music, hundreds of forms of traditional and contemporary music; Indonesian philosophy, a tradition of abstract speculation by Indonesians; Indonesian cuisine, regional and national ...
As of 2020, Indonesians make up 3.4% of the world's total population and Indonesia is the fourth most populous country after China, India and the United States.. Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since the 1967, [55] for the decade ending in 2020, Indonesia's population growth was 1.1 percent.
In Indonesia, however, there is a clear distinction between "Malay language" (bahasa Melayu) and "Indonesian" (bahasa Indonesia). Indonesian is the national language which serves as the unifying language of Indonesia; despite being a standardized form of Malay, it is not referred to with the term "Malay" in common parlance. [18]
Malay Indonesians (Malay/Indonesian: Orang Melayu Indonesia; Jawi: اورڠ ملايو ايندونيسيا ) are ethnic Malays living throughout Indonesia. They are one of the indigenous peoples of the country. [5] Indonesian, the national language of Indonesia, is a standardized form of Riau Malay.
notes by Johann Flierl, Wilhelm Poland and Georg Schwarz, culminating in Walter Roth's The Structure of the Koko Yimidir Language in 1901. [207] [208] A list of 61 words recorded in 1770 by James Cook and Joseph Banks was the first written record of an Australian language. [209] 1891: Galela: grammatical sketch by M.J. van Baarda [210] 1893: Oromo