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The medieval Bulgarian Empire had active relations with Eastern Thrace before the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans in the 14th–15th century: the area was often part of the Bulgarian state under its stronger rulers from Krum's reign on, such as Simeon I and Ivan Asen II; the city of Edirne (Adrianople, Odrin) was under Bulgarian control a number of times.
On 5 October 1908, Bulgaria finally declared its complete independence as the Kingdom of Bulgaria. In the Balkan Wars, Bulgaria was able to conquer more territories from the Ottomans and the current border between Bulgaria and Turkey was established in 1913 with the Treaty of Constantinople, which ended the state of war between the two sides. [1]
Salomon Rosanes (b. 1862-d.1938) was a historian of Ottoman Jewry and himself a Sephardic Jew from Bulgaria. [1] He is the author of Divre yeme Yisrael be-Togarmah (History of the Jews in Turkey), [2] called an "important book" by Avraham Elmaleh in his inaugural Hebrew language essay published in 1919 for the journal Mizarah u-Ma'arav. [3]
[4] [5] It has also been suggested that some Turks living today in Bulgaria may be direct ethnic descendants of earlier medieval Pecheneg, Oğuz, and Cuman Turkic tribes. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The Turkish community became an ethnic minority when the Principality of Bulgaria was established after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 .
There is also a diaspora outside Bulgaria in countries such as Turkey, Austria, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway and Romania, the most significant of which are the Bulgarian Turks in Turkey. Bulgarian Turks are the descendants of Turkish settlers who entered the region after the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans in the late 14th and early 15th ...
Bulgaria recognizes their language as a Bulgarian dialect whereas in Greece and Turkey they self-declare their language as the Pomak language. [18] The community in Greece is commonly fluent in Greek, and in Turkey, Turkish, while the communities in these two countries, especially in Turkey, are increasingly adopting Turkish as their first ...
The Council of Ministers sent an instruction to governors, and an aid committee was requested to act in a planned manner in the care and accommodation of Turks migrating from Bulgaria. At the time, while Turkey was accommodating refugees, the two countries exchanged notes and blamed each other: Bulgaria claimed that Turkey was not treating ...
Bulgarian Turks constitute a substantial portion of Bulgaria's Muslim population. While Muslims of all ethnicities (Turks, Pomaks, Muslim Roma, Albanians and Tatars among others) were affected by the "Revival Process", many Muslim Bulgarian nationals were referred to as "Turks" by the Bulgarian government whether ethnically Turkish or not and vica versa.