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Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles that produce cellular energy by aerobic respiration. They also have roles in signaling, differentiation, cell cycle, and disease. Learn about their structure, origin, genetics, and distribution.
Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome found inside mitochondria, which are passed exclusively from mother to offspring. Learn about the origin, structure, diversity, and evolution of mtDNA in different organisms, and how it is used in phylogenetics and anthropology.
Power, Sex, Suicide: Mitochondria and the Meaning of Life is a 2005 popular science book by Nick Lane of University College London, which argues that mitochondria are central to questions of the evolution of multicellularity, the evolution of sexual reproduction, and to the process of senescence.
Learn about the structure, inheritance, and function of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the DNA contained in human mitochondria. Find out how mtDNA is inherited only from the mother, how it codes for energy production, and how it can cause diseases.
Mitochondrial disease is a group of disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects energy production in cells. Symptoms vary depending on the affected tissues and organs, and may include muscle weakness, vision loss, diabetes, deafness, and more.
This phenomenon can be explained by the endosymbiont hypothesis of the origin of mitochondria as prokaryotes internalized by a eukaryotic host cell. In pig heart mitochondria, phosphatidylethanolamine makes up the majority of the inner mitochondrial membrane at 37.0% of the phospholipid composition.
Learn about the process by which cells increase mitochondrial numbers and how it is regulated by various signals and proteins. Find out the evolutionary history, metabolic functions, and fusion/fission events of mitochondria.
The mitochondrial matrix is the space within the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, where ATP production and other metabolic processes occur. Learn about its composition, structure, enzymes, metabolites, and regulation of the citric acid cycle, urea cycle, and electron transport chain.