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The priestly divisions or sacerdotal courses (Hebrew: מִשְׁמָר mishmar) are the groups into which kohanim "priests" were divided for service in the Temple in Jerusalem in ancient Judea. The 24 priestly divisions are first listed in 1 Chronicles 24 .
Jehoiarib (Hebrew: יְהוֹיָרִיב Yehōyārîḇ, "Yahweh contends") was the head of a family of priests, which was made the first of the twenty-four priestly divisions organized by King David (reigned c. 1000–962 BCE).(1 Chr. 24:7)
According to 1 Chronicles 24:3–5, King David divided the priests into 24 priestly divisions (Heb. משמרות, mishmarot). Each division would perform the Temple service for one week in a 24-week cycle, with all divisions eligible to serve on holidays.
The priestly court ran the daily Temple operations, and possibly controlled the initiation ceremonies of inaugurating new vessels ("Kli sharet") to be used in the temple. [16] Rabbeinu Chananel was of the opinion that the priestly court also oversaw the appointing and rotation of the 24 priestly divisions. [17]
However, the priest's religious authority is not automatic: even a mamzer who is a scholar takes precedence over an ignorant Kohen Gadol. [ 3 ] The term torat kohanim is also used specifically as a title for the book of Leviticus , [ 4 ] [ 5 ] or for the Sifra (a work of halakhic midrash to Leviticus).
Priestly lists for this period appear in the Bible, Josephus and the Seder Olam Zutta, but with differences. While Josephus and Seder 'Olam Zuta each mention 18 high priests, [4] the genealogy given in 1 Chronicles 6:3–15 gives 12 names, culminating in the last high priest Seriah, father of Jehozadak. However, it is unclear whether all those ...
Jedaiah was a priest of ancient Israel after the order of Aaron, during the reign of King David in the 10th century BCE. Jedaiah led the second of the 24 priestly divisions. The biblical passage of 1 Chronicles 24 documents the division of the priests during the reign of King David.
In the Bible, these Priestly divisions are listed in 1 Chronicles 24:7–8, Nehemiah 10:2–8, and Nehemiah 12:1–7. However, DJE 23 strictly follows the list as ...