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Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (German: [ˈʁoːbɛʁt ˈbʊnzn̩]; 30 March 1811 [a] – 16 August 1899) was a German chemist. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861) with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff. [11] The Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award for spectroscopy is named after Bunsen ...
This laid way for spectrochemical analysis in laboratory and astrophysical science. Bunsen and Kirchhoff applied the optical techniques of Fraunhofer, Bunsen's improved flame source and a highly systematic experimental procedure to a detailed examination of the spectra of chemical compounds. They established the linkage between chemical ...
In 1860, the unexpected appearance of sky-blue and dark red was observed in spectral emissions by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff, leading to the discovery of two alkali metals, caesium and rubidium (dark red). [4] [1] Today, this low-cost method is used in secondary education to teach students to detect metals in samples qualitatively. [2]
1860–61: Discovery of caesium and rubidium by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff [140] 1860: Erlenmeyer flask by Emil Erlenmeyer [ 141 ] 1863–64: Discovery of indium by Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter [ 142 ] [ 143 ] [ 144 ]
Caesium (IUPAC spelling; [9] also spelled cesium in American English) is a chemical element; it has symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-golden alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F; 301.6 K), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature .
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (German: [ˈgʊs.taːf ˈkɪʁç.hɔf]; 12 March 1824 – 17 October 1887) was a German chemist, mathematician and physicist who contributed to the fundamental understanding of electrical circuits, spectroscopy and the emission of black-body radiation by heated objects.
Pennsylvania’s Punxsutawney Phil might be the most well-known weather-predicting groundhog, but a new list casts doubt on his accuracy.Phil did so poorly that even nonliving critters outshine ...
[39] [40] Rubidium was the second element, shortly after caesium, to be discovered by spectroscopy, just one year after the invention of the spectroscope by Bunsen and Kirchhoff. [41] The two scientists used the rubidium chloride to estimate that the atomic weight of the new element was 85.36 (the currently accepted value is 85.47). [39]