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Storms are named for historical reasons to avoid confusion when communicating with the public, as more than one storm can exist at a time. Names are drawn in order from predetermined lists. For tropical cyclones, names are assigned when a system has one-, three-, or ten-minute winds of more than 65 km/h (40 mph).
The practice of using names to identify tropical cyclones goes back several centuries, with storms named after places, saints or things they hit before the formal start of naming in each basin. Examples of such names are the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane (also known as the "San Felipe II" hurricane) and the 1938 New England hurricane. The system ...
1954 (December) – the latest Atlantic hurricane ever known to form and only one of two Atlantic storms known to exist in 2 calendar years; originally named as a 1955 storm; caused minimal damage in the Lesser Antilles. 1958 – a Category 4 typhoon that affected Japan; responsible for over 40 deaths on HokkaidÅ.
Before 1953, tropical storms and hurricanes were tracked by year and the order in which they occurred during that year, not by names. At first, the United States only used female names for storms.
The following names have been retired from use going back to 1953, soon after Atlantic storms were first named. Some years don't have any retired names, while others may have as many as five.
The names are used sequentially without regard to year and are taken from five lists of names that were prepared by the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee, after each of the 14 members submitted 10 names in 1998. [2] The order of the names to be used was determined by placing the English name of the members in alphabetical order. [2]
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Formerly, if a season's primary list of names were fully used, subsequent storms would be assigned names based on the letters of the Greek alphabet. [10] According to the WMO's initial policy established in 2006, the Greek letter named storms could never be retired "lest an irreplaceable chunk be taken out of the alphabet."