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Tikal (/ t i ˈ k ɑː l /; Tik'al in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, [1] found in a rainforest in Guatemala. [2] It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization .
Tikal National Park is a national park located in Guatemala, in the northern region of the Petén Department. Stretching across 57,600 hectares (220 sq mi), it contains the ancient Mayan city of Tikal and the surrounding tropical forests, savannas, and wetlands. [ 2 ]
Temple IV at Tikal. Tikal Temple IV is a Mesoamerican pyramid in the ruins of the ancient Maya city of Tikal in modern Guatemala. It was one of the tallest and most voluminous buildings in the Maya world. [1] The pyramid was built around 741 AD. [1] Temple IV is located at the western edge of the site core. [1]
At its height during the Late Classic, Tikal had expanded to have a population of well over 100,000. [33] Tikal's great rival was Calakmul, another powerful city in the Petén Basin. [48] In the southeast, Copán was the most important city. [48] Palenque and Yaxchilán were the most powerful cities in the Usumacinta region. [48]
The structure is a funerary temple associated with Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I, a Classic Period ruler of the polity based at Tikal, who ruled from AD 682–734. [4] The tomb of this ruler has been located by archaeologists deep within the structure, [5] the tomb having been built first with the temple being raised over it.
The Central Acropolis of the ancient Maya city of Tikal is an architectural complex located immediately to the south of the Great Plaza. [1] Tikal is one of the most important archaeological sites of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization and is located in the Petén Department of northern Guatemala .
At Tikal, the twin pyramid groups were built to celebrate the kʼatun ending and reflected Maya cosmology. These groups possessed pyramids on the east and west sides that represented the birth and death of the sun. On the south side, a nine-doored building was situated in order to represent the underworld. On the north side was a walled ...
The Central Patio is the inner courtyard of the plaza, enclosed by the surrounding buildings. [17] It has a surface area of 8,000 square metres (86,000 sq ft) and inclined slightly so as to drain runoff rainwater from the northeast corner, towards the Temple III reservoir. [8] The seven temples are aligned along the east side of the patio. [18]