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Infobox references. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin ( TCDD) is a polychlorinated dibenzo -p- dioxin (sometimes shortened, though inaccurately, to simply 'dioxin') [ 3 ] with the chemical formula C 12 H 4 Cl 4 O 2. Pure TCDD is a colorless solid with no distinguishable odor at room temperature.
Polychlorinated dibenzo -p- dioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins. PCDDs are derivatives of dibenzo -p- dioxin. There are 75 PCDD congeners, differing in the number and location of chlorine atoms, and 7 of them are specifically toxic, the most toxic being 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD). Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), or furans.
The half-lives of Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin were estimated to be 3.5 and 2 years, respectively. The effects of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure was examined in rats over a 13-week period. Hepatic accumulation was associated with alterations of several biochemical parameters.
The 2,4,5-T used was contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), an extremely toxic dioxin compound. During the Vietnam war, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed 20,000,000 U.S. gallons (76,000,000 L) of chemical herbicides and defoliants in Vietnam, eastern Laos and parts of Cambodia, as part of Operation ...
Infobox references. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) is a polychlorinated dibenzofuran with a chemical formula of C 12 H 4 Cl 4 O. TCDF is part of the chlorinated benzofuran (CDF) family that contain between 1 and 8 chlorine atoms attached to the parent dibenzofuran ring system. The CDF family includes 135 compounds, of which only a few ...
Hazard analysis and critical control points, or HACCP (/ ˈ h æ s ʌ p / [1]), is a systematic preventive approach to food safety from biological, chemical, and physical hazards in production processes that can cause the finished product to be unsafe and designs measures to reduce these risks to a safe level. In this manner, HACCP attempts to ...
Toxic equivalency factor ( TEF) expresses the toxicity of dioxins, furans and PCBs in terms of the most toxic form of dioxin, 2,3,7,8-TCDD. [ 1] The toxicity of the individual congeners may vary by orders of magnitude . With the TEFs, the toxicity of a mixture of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds can be expressed in a single number – the ...
This 16th-century fish stall shows many traditional fish products. The term fish processing refers to the processes associated with fish and fish products between the time fish are caught or harvested, and the time the final product is delivered to the customer. Although the term refers specifically to fish, in practice it is extended to cover ...