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The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS; also known as CEDEAO in French and Portuguese) is a regional political and economic union of twelve countries of West Africa. Collectively, the present and former members comprise an area of 5,114,162 km 2 (1,974,589 sq mi) and have an estimated population of over 424.34 million.
Former federations and confederations in Africa from the twentieth century include: French West Africa (1904–1958) French Equatorial Africa (1910–1960) Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (1953–1963) Mali Federation (1959–1960) Federal Republic of Cameroon (1961–1972) Uganda (1962–1967) Sénégambia Confederation (1982–1989)
Island states are also members of the AU, but not the offshore islands that are integral parts of the transcontinental countries of France, Italy, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom and Yemen. The 55 member states are grouped into five regions. The African Union is composed of fifty-two republics and three monarchies. The total population of the ...
The Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in Africa group together individual countries in subregions for the purposes of achieving greater economic integration. They are described as the "building blocks" of the African Union and are also central to the strategy for implementing the African Development Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD).
This incorporates countries south of central and eastern Africa, and north of the South African border. The region has support from the most developed economy on the continent from the south, and access to capital coming out of South Africa as large companies look to expand into the rest of the continent.
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) [11] is a free trade area encompassing most of Africa. [12] [13] [14] It was established in 2018 by the African Continental Free Trade Agreement, which has 43 parties and another 11 signatories, making it the largest free-trade area by number of member states, after the World Trade Organization, [15] and the largest in population and geographic ...
Stage 4: In March 2018, 49 African countries signed the African Continental Free Trade Agreement paving the way for a continent-wide free trade area. The continental free trade area became operational in July 2019, after 22 ratifications. [3] [4] As of 2021, 34 signatories have effectively become parties of the treaty. Stage 5: no progress yet