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Chronic toxicity by copper is rare. [1] The suggested safe level of copper in drinking water for humans varies depending on the source, but tends to be pegged at 1.3 mg/L. [2] So low is the toxicity of copper that copper(II) sulfate is a routine reagent in undergraduate chemistry laboratories. [3]
Normal absorption and distribution of copper. Cu = copper, CP = ceruloplasmin, green = ATP7B carrying copper. Copper is an essential trace element that is vital to the health of all living things (plants, animals and microorganisms). In humans, copper is essential to the proper functioning of organs and metabolic processes.
Cu with a half-life of 61.83 hours. [24] Seven metastable isomers have been characterized; 68m Cu is the longest-lived with a half-life of 3.8 minutes. Isotopes with a mass number above 64 decay by β −, whereas those with a mass number below 64 decay by β +. 64 Cu, which has a half-life of 12.7 hours, decays both ways. [25] 62 Cu and 64 Cu
For many people, coffee is the drink of choice first thing in the morning. The beverage made from what adults think of as magical wake-up beans gives the boost of energy many need to get out of bed.
By Food52 It happens every afternoon: Around 4 o'clock, I start to fade and begin considering my caffeine options, always landing on the abandoned, half-consumed coffee at my desk. Every morning ...
Experts say that the window of 9:30 a.m. to 11 a.m. may be the best time to consume coffee.
In the case of copper the adult UL is set at 10 mg/day. [4] Copper gluconate is sold as a dietary supplement to provide copper. The typical dose is 2.0 mg copper per day. This is one-fifth what the IOM considers a safe upper limit. Long-term intake at amounts higher than the UL may cause liver damage. [4]
Copper(II) chloride is used as a catalyst in a variety of processes that produce chlorine by oxychlorination. The Deacon process takes place at about 400 to 450 °C in the presence of a copper chloride: [8] 4 HCl + O 2 → 2 Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. Copper(II) chloride catalyzes the chlorination in the production of vinyl chloride and dichloromethane. [8]