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November 1917 ad for an Ingersoll "Radiolite" watch, one of the first watches mass marketed in the USA featuring a radium-illuminated dial. Radium was discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898 [1] and was soon combined with paint to make luminescent paint, which was applied to clocks, airplane instruments, and the like, to be able to read them in the dark.
At room temperature it still functioned as a red light-emitting diode. GaAsP was the basis for the first wave of commercial LEDs emitting visible light. It was mass-produced by the Monsanto and Hewlett-Packard companies and used widely for displays in calculators and wrist watches. [17] [18] [19] 0603 SMD (Surface Mount Device) package red LED
Seven-segment displays may use a liquid-crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) for each segment, an electrochromic display, or other light-generating or -controlling techniques such as cold cathode gas discharge (neon) (), vacuum fluorescent (VFD), incandescent filaments (Numitron), and others.
Nixie tubes were superseded in the 1970s by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs), often in the form of seven-segment displays. The VFD uses a hot filament to emit electrons, a control grid and phosphor-coated anodes (similar to a cathode-ray tube ) shaped to represent segments of a digit, pixels of a graphical ...
An LED strip, tape, or ribbon light is a flexible circuit board populated by surface-mount light-emitting diodes (SMD LEDs) and other components that usually comes with an adhesive backing. Traditionally, strip lights had been used solely in accent lighting, backlighting, task lighting, and decorative lighting applications, such as cove lighting .
Electroluminescent (EL) displays have been a niche format and are rarely used nowadays. Some uses have included the Apollo Guidance Computer 7-segment numerical displays, to indicate speed and altitude at the front of the Concorde, and as floor indicators on Otis Elevators from around 1989 to 2007, [7] mostly only available to high-rise buildings and modernizations.
In the spring of 1972, [1] [2] the first Pulsar watch was marketed by Hamilton Watch (the parent company, not the Hamilton Watch Division). With an 18-carat gold case, the world's first all-electronic digital watch was also the first to use a digital display created with light-emitting diodes (LEDs). [3] A button was pressed to display the time.
The watch had a small lens at the top of its face used for data transmission by visible light. [5] [21] Data was transmitted from the CRT of the computer through a series of pulsating horizontal bars, [22] [23] that were focused by the lens and written to the watch EEPROM memory through an optoelectronic transducer operating in the visible light spectrum and employing optical scanning technology.