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Similarly, example (6a) is a raising-to-object sentence; "Brian" raises to the object position of the verb want. [ d ] In contrast, (6b) is an object control sentence.( Carnie 2012 , p. 430) The verb persuade has three theta-roles to assign: "agent" to Jean , "theme" to Brian , and "proposition" to the clause [ PRO to leave ].
The number and category are indicated by a feature called ARG-STR. This feature is an ordered list of categories that must cooccur with a particular verb or predicate. For example, the ARG-STR list of the verb give is <NP, NP, PP>. The semantic part of theta roles (i.e. the thematic relations) are treated in a special set of semantic ...
Additionally, there are also informal criteria one can use in order to determine syntactic categories. For example, one informal means of determining if an item is lexical, as opposed to functional, is to see if it is left behind in "telegraphic speech" (that is, the way a telegram would be written; e.g., Pants fire. Bring water, need help.
Examples (17a-c) are structural violations, (17a) violates the Specified Subject Condition, and (17b-c) violate Subjacency, while (17d) is a grammatical control sentence. It was found that since the violations were structural in nature, participants with familial sinistrality were less sensitive to violations in such as the ones found(17a-c ...
One criterion for identifying a subject in various languages is the possibility of its omission in coordinated sentences such as the following: [7] The man hit the woman and [the man] came here. In a passive construction, the patient becomes the subject by this criterion: The woman was hit by the man and [the woman] came here.
A number of criteria can be employed for identifying objects, e.g.: [8] 1. Subject of passive sentence: Most objects in active sentences can become the subject in the corresponding passive sentences. [9] 2. Position occupied: In languages with strict word order, the subject and the object tend to occupy set positions in unmarked declarative ...
The following examples of sentence pairs illustrate wh-movement in main clauses in English: each (a) example has the canonical word order of a declarative sentence in English, while each (b) sentence has undergone wh-movement, whereby the wh-word has been fronted in order to form a direct question.
The "potency" criterion alluded to in the preceding section is somewhat ill-defined, but may include "exhaustiveness", "effectiveness', and an affective component as well. (Arguably, the taxonomy is also motivated by considerations of "elegance". This should not be confused with the application of the taxonomy in the field of aesthetics).