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The fuel system uses a Bosch mechanical distributor-type (Bosch VE type) injection pump which feeds indirect fuel injection into a remote whirl pre-combustion chamber. The cooling system is composed of a timing belt driven water pump, an 87 °C thermostat in the engine block itself.
2 is a precursor to ground-level ozone it may cause respiratory problems "including asthma, bronchitis and emphysema". [ 209 ] [ 210 ] [ 211 ] Nitrogen oxides amplify the effect of fine particulate matter soot which causes heart problems, a form of air pollution estimated to kill 50,000 in the United States annually.
fully demand-controlled and returnless; – fuel tank–mounted low-pressure fuel pump; Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI): camshaft-driven single-piston high-pressure injection pump supplying up to 150 bar (2,180 psi) fuel pressure in common rail fuel rail integrated into the inlet manifold, four combustion chamber sited direct injection ...
An all new cylinder head was needed for the Audi-developed Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI), which features cylinder-direct fuel injection straight into the combustion chambers. The result of needing to site both spark plug and fuel injector meant that the former five-valve layout had to be changed to a four-valve-per-cylinder arrangement.
The vast majority of vehicles manufactured after 1987 are fuel-injected: the injectors and high-pressure fuel pump immediately cease supplying fuel to the cylinders when the ignition is switched off. If the injector is damaged or dirty, a small amount of fuel can enter the chamber and be ignited, causing a sputter or two after the engine is ...
By submerging the pump in fuel at the bottom of the tank, the pump is cooled by the surrounding fuel; Liquid fuel by itself (i.e. without oxygen present) isn't flammable, therefore surrounding the fuel pump by fuel reduces the risk of fire; In-tank fuel pumps are often part of an assembly consisting of the fuel pump, fuel strainer and fuel ...
Battery leakage is the escape of chemicals, such as electrolytes, within an electric battery due to generation of pathways to the outside environment caused by factory or design defects, excessive gas generation, or physical damage to the battery.
Pump thrombosis is defined as a specific case of a major device malfunction. In turn, device malfunction is as defined by Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) as a failure of one or more of the components of the mechanical circulatory support systems which either directly causes or could potentially induce a state of inadequate circulatory support (low ...