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JWH-018 is a full agonist of both the CB 1 and CB 2 cannabinoid receptors, with a reported binding affinity of 9.00 ± 5.00 nM at CB 1 and 2.94 ± 2.65 nM at CB 2. [6] JWH-018 has an EC 50 of 102 nM for human CB 1 receptors, and 133 nM for human CB 2 receptors. [16]
JWH-018, JWH-073, CP 47,497 (and its homologues), and HU-210, as well as leonotis leonurus, have been all banned in Latvia since 2005. [135] After the first confirmed lethal case from the use of legal drugs in late 2013, parliament significantly increased the number of temporarily banned substances used in Spice and similar preparations.
FUB-JWH-018 (also known as FUB-018) is a naphthoylindole-based synthetic cannabinoid, representing a molecular hybrid of JWH-018 and AB-FUBICA or ADB-FUBICA. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Legal status
JWH-018 was banned by controlled substances act on December 21, 2012. Law enforcement officials in Canada asked Huffman to serve as a consultant and expert witness. He received numerous media queries and requests for analytical help from law enforcement officials.
JWH-018 [5] Naphthoylindole: 9 ± 5: 2.9 ± 2.6: CB 2 (3.1x) JWH-019: Naphthoylindole: 9.8 ± 2: 5.55 ± 2: CB 2 (1.77x) JWH-020: Naphthoylindole: 128 ± 17: 205 ± 20: CB 1 (1.6x) JWH-030: Naphthoylpyrrole: 87 ± 3: 320 ± 127: CB 1 (3.7x) JWH-031: Naphthoylpyrrole: 399 ± 109: JWH-032: Naphthoylpyrrole >10000 >10000 — JWH-033 ...
Karyn Hascal, The Healing Place’s president and CEO, said she would never allow Suboxone in her treatment program because her 12-step curriculum is “a drug-free model. There’s kind of a conflict between drug-free and Suboxone.” For policymakers, denying addicts the best scientifically proven treatment carries no political cost.
Chemical structure of JWH-018, a simple naphthoylindole. Naphthoylindoles are a class of synthetic cannabinoids. [1] Pharmacology.
In a human study, after 50 μg/kg smoked JWH-018 are delivered, one male and a female have their serum concentration of 8.1 and 10.2 μg/L respectively after 5 minutes, down to 4.6 and 6.1 μg/L after 15 minutes, suggesting the biological half-life of JWH-018 is short. 13 phase 1 metabolites are identified.