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This is a partial list of herbs and herbal treatments with known or suspected adverse effects, either alone or in interaction with other herbs or drugs. Non-inclusion of an herb in this list does not imply that it is free of adverse effects.
The GI cocktail is a mixture of a viscous anesthetic, an antacid, and an anticholinergic. [1] [2] Common viscous anesthetics use are viscous lidocaine or xylocaine.Common antacids used are magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or simethicone (more commonly known as Mylanta or Maalox). [3]
Prokinetics (medications focused on increasing gut motility), such as metoclopramide or erythromycin, has a history of use as a secondary treatment for dyspepsia. [6] While multiple studies show that it is more effective than placebo, there are multiple concerns about the side effects surrounding the long-term use of these medications. [6]
Antacids are a common treatment for mild to medium gastritis. [29] When antacids do not provide enough relief, medications such as H 2 blockers and proton-pump inhibitors that help reduce the amount of acid are often prescribed. [29] [30] Cytoprotective agents are designed to help protect the tissues that line the stomach and small intestine. [31]
Common side effects include headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, and dizziness. [4] Serious side effects may include pneumonia and seizures. [4] [5] Use in pregnancy appears safe but has not been well studied, while use during breastfeeding is not recommended. [1] Famotidine was patented in 1979 and came into medical use in 1985. [6]
The side effects of long-term garlic supplementation are largely unknown. [10] Possible side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort, sweating, dizziness, allergic reactions, bleeding, and menstrual irregularities. [44]
At the end of the treatment, an overall improvement of 86.6% and 93.3% was achieved in patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer respectively. [23] In patients with acute gastritis and acute gastric mucosal lesions, an overall amelioration rate of 82.9% has been observed with troxipide. [6]
Gabapentin, approved for treatment of seizures and postherpetic neuralgia in adults, has side effects which are useful in treating bipolar disorder, essential tremor, hot flashes, migraine prophylaxis, neuropathic pain syndromes, phantom limb syndrome, and restless leg syndrome. [15] Hydroxyzine, an antihistamine, is also used as an anxiolytic.