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Lithium oxide (Li 2 O) or lithia is an inorganic chemical compound. It is a white solid. Although not specifically important, many materials are assessed on the basis of their Li 2 O content. For example, the Li 2 O content of the principal lithium mineral spodumene (LiAlSi 2 O 6) is 8.03%. [2]
A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the products to show the direction of the reaction. [1]
This method is most useful when there are only two reactants. One reactant (A) is chosen, and the balanced chemical equation is used to determine the amount of the other reactant (B) necessary to react with A. If the amount of B actually present exceeds the amount required, then B is in excess and A is the limiting reagent.
For example, in the above reaction, it can be shown that this is a redox reaction in which Fe is oxidised, and Cl is reduced. Note the transfer of electrons from Fe to Cl. Decomposition is also a way to simplify the balancing of a chemical equation. A chemist can atom balance and charge balance one piece of an equation at a time. For example:
This reaction initially produces lithium hydroperoxide: [4] [5] LiOH + H 2 O 2 → LiOOH + H 2 O. This lithium hydroperoxide may exist as lithium peroxide monoperoxohydrate trihydrate (Li 2 O 2 ·H 2 O 2 ·3H 2 O). Dehydration of this material gives the anhydrous peroxide salt: 2 LiOOH → Li 2 O 2 + H 2 O 2. Li 2 O 2 decomposes at about 450 ...
The lithium–air battery (Li–air) is a metal–air electrochemical cell or battery chemistry that uses oxidation of lithium at the anode and reduction of oxygen at the cathode to induce a current flow. [1] Pairing lithium and ambient oxygen can theoretically lead to electrochemical cells with the highest possible specific energy.
Such solutions are employed in Diels–Alder reactions, where it is proposed that the Lewis acidic Li + binds to Lewis basic sites on the dienophile, thereby accelerating the reaction. [8] Lithium perchlorate is also used as a co-catalyst in the coupling of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls with aldehydes, also known as the Baylis–Hillman reaction. [9]
Lithium superoxide is an unstable inorganic salt with formula Li O 2. A radical compound, it can be produced at low temperature in matrix isolation experiments, or in certain nonpolar , non-protic solvents .