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Soil conditioners may be used to improve water retention in dry, coarse soils which are not holding water well. The addition of organic material for instance can greatly improve the water retention abilities of sandy soils and they can be added to adjust the pH of the soil to meet the needs of specific plants or to make highly acidic or ...
Plant diseases can also be partially controlled by use of pesticides and by cultivation practices such as crop rotation, tillage, planting density, disease-free seeds and cleaning of equipment, but plant varieties with inherent (genetically determined) disease resistance are generally preferred. [2]
Plants were growing on acid soils in Vulindlela, KwaZulu-Natal Premature germination of maize on the cob before harvest. From a plot with severe soil acidity at Nthabamhlope, KwaZulu-Natal. Molybdenum deficiency symptoms in most plants are associated with a build-up of nitrate in the affected plant part.
Introducing these compounds into soil however does not ensure the alleviation of phosphorus deficiency. There must be phosphorus in the soil, but the plant must also absorb the phosphorus. Phosphorus uptake is limited by the chemical form of the phosphorus. A large portion of phosphorus in soil is in chemical compounds that plants can't absorb. [9]
Excess boron is toxic to plants so care must be taken to ensure correct application rate and even coverage. [7] While boron may be sprayed on leaves, excess will cause plant damage. Application of boron may not correct boron deficiency in alkaline soils because even with the addition of boron, it may remain unavailable for plant absorption.
Microbial inoculants, also known as soil inoculants or bioinoculants, are agricultural amendments that use beneficial rhizosphericic or endophytic microbes to promote plant health. Many of the microbes involved form symbiotic relationships with the target crops where both parties benefit . While microbial inoculants are applied to improve plant ...
In general a more diverse soil microbiome results in fewer plant diseases and higher yield. Farming can destroy soil's rhiziobiome (microbial ecosystem) by using soil amendments such as fertilizer and pesticide without compensating for their effects. By contrast, healthy soil can increase fertility in multiple ways, including supplying ...
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [1] Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi , oomycetes , bacteria , viruses , viroids , virus -like organisms, phytoplasmas , protozoa , nematodes and parasitic plants . [ 2 ]