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In molecular biology, the heat-labile enterotoxin family includes Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Elt or LT) and cholera toxin (Ctx) secreted by Vibrio cholerae. lt is so named because it is inactivated at high temperatures. [1]
Heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) are secretory peptides produced by some bacterial strains, such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli [2] which are in general toxic to animals. These peptides keep their 3D structure and remain active at temperatures as high as 100 °C.
An enterotoxin is a protein exotoxin released by a microorganism that targets the intestines. [1] They can be chromosomally or plasmid encoded. [ 2 ] They are heat labile (> 60 °C), of low molecular weight and water-soluble.
S. aureus is an enterotoxin producer. Enterotoxins are chromosomally encoded exotoxins that are produced and secreted from several bacterial organisms. It is a heat stable toxin and is resistant to digestive protease. [5] [6] It is the ingestion of the toxin that causes the inflammation and swelling of the intestine. [citation needed]
The bacterium strain that produces the TSST-1 can be found in any area of the body, but lives mostly in the vagina of infected women. TSST-1 is a bacterial exotoxin found in patients who have developed toxic shock syndrome (TSS), which can be found in menstruating women or any man or child for that matter. [ 3 ]
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a type of Escherichia coli and one of the leading bacterial causes of diarrhea in the developing world, [1] as well as the most common cause of travelers' diarrhea. [2]
Awareness of EAEC was increased by a serious outbreak in Germany during 2011, causing over 5000 cases and at least 50 fatalities. The pathogen responsible was found to be an EAEC O104:H4 strain which was lysogenized by a Shiga toxin encoding phage (typically associated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli , which often encode the adhesin ...
In the field of molecular biology, enterotoxin type B, also known as Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), is an enterotoxin produced by the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It is a common cause of food poisoning , with severe diarrhea , nausea and intestinal cramping often starting within a few hours of ingestion. [ 1 ]