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A program to deliver 30,000 homes, part of a wider slum clearance plan got underway in 1957. [8] By the early 1970s, South Africa was well advanced into various major clearance projects. In Umlazi, just south of Durban, 20,000 new bungalows were laid out in a style reminiscent of California. The new properties were available for $10 monthly ...
The Slums Act was a highly controversial Act supported by the Provincial Government of KwaZulu-Natal as a response to housing conditions. Its stated purpose was to eliminate substandard housing conditions by giving the provincial Housing MEC authority to prescribe a time in which it would be compulsory for municipalities to evict unlawful occupiers of slums when landowners failed to do so.
Slum clearance removes the slum, but neglecting the needs of the community or its people, does not remove the causes that create and maintain the slum. [5] [6] Similarly, plans to remove slums in several non-Western contexts have proven ineffective without sufficient housing and other support for the displaced communities.
Slums in South Africa exist in all major cities. There are also rural informal settlements. [1] The slums are listed below under the city or town they are nearest to.
The UN-HABITAT officially supports the policy of slum upgrading, making it one of the foremost ways of urban renewal with respect to slums. [7] According to the 2006/2007 UN-HABITAT State of the World's Cities Report, the countries of Egypt, South Africa, Mexico, Tunisia, and Thailand stand out in their efforts towards slum upgrading. [10]
These included the installation of basic services including stand pipes, ventilated pit latrines, and establishing a waste removal service through Pikitup. [ 7 ] Between 2007 and 2008, some 150 households were moved by the City of Johannesburg from the western shore of the river, to section D of the settlement.
In 1995, almost 70% of the population of the Nigerian capital Lagos were living in slums. [16] The City of the Dead slum is a well-known squatter community in Cairo, Egypt. [17] Between 1955 and 1975, the Cairo authorities built 39,000 public housing apartments but 2 million people moved there, mostly ending up in informal housing.
Fecal sludge is defined very broadly as what accumulates in onsite sanitation technologies and specifically is not transported through a sewer.It is composed of human excreta, but also anything else that may go into an onsite containment technology, such as flushwater, cleansing materials and menstrual hygiene products, grey water (i.e. bathing or kitchen water, including fats, oils and grease ...