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Pseudobulbar palsy is the result of damage of motor fibers traveling from the cerebral cortex to the lower brain stem. This damage might arise in the course of a variety of neurological conditions that involve demyelination and bilateral corticobulbar lesions. Examples include: [3] Progressive supranuclear palsy; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Dextromethorphan/quinidine is a combination of these two generic drugs, and is the first FDA-approved drug for the treatment of PBA, approved on October 29, 2010. [ 50 ] In the pivotal multicenter study that led to its approval, the "Objectives...[were] to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of two different doses of AVP-923 ...
Emotional disturbance (e.g. pseudobulbar affect) and cognitive and behavioural changes (e.g. problems in word fluency, decision-making, and memory) are also seen. [ 2 ] [ 6 ] There can be lower motor neuron findings (e.g. muscle wasting, muscle twitching), upper motor neuron findings (e.g. brisk reflexes, Babinski reflex , Hoffman's reflex ...
Dextromethorphan/quinidine was investigated for the treatment of agitation associated with dementia, diabetic neuropathy, drug-induced dyskinesia, migraine, and neuropathic pain, but development for these indications was discontinued. [7]
In contrast, pseudobulbar palsy is a clinical syndrome similar to bulbar palsy but in which the damage is located in upper motor neurons of the corticobulbar tracts in the mid-pons (i.e., in the cranial nerves IX-XII), that is the nerve cells coming down from the cerebral cortex innervating the motor nuclei in the medulla.
In 2010, the FDA approved the combination drug dextromethorphan/quinidine under the brand name Nuedexta [19] for the treatment of pseudobulbar affect (uncontrollable laughing/crying). Dextromethorphan is the active therapeutic agent in the combination; quinidine merely serves to inhibit the enzymatic degradation of dextromethorphan and thereby ...
A systematic review published in 2020 suggests the use of the term "drug-induced intracranial hypertension (DIIH)" after having applied a 'strict drug-causality algorithm' in determining IIH cases likely caused by the drugs they evaluated. [13] There are numerous other diseases, mostly rare conditions, that may lead to intracranial hypertension.
Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP) is a medical condition. It belongs to a group of disorders known as motor neuron diseases . [ 1 ] PBP is a disease that attacks the nerves supplying the bulbar muscles.