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While the usual dose of chloroquine used in treatment is 10 mg/kg, toxicity begins to occur at 20 mg/kg, and death may occur at 30 mg/kg. [24] In children as little as a single tablet can be fatal. [25] [16] Treatment recommendations include early mechanical ventilation, cardiac monitoring, and activated charcoal. [24]
Chloroquine retinopathy is a form of toxic retinopathy (damage of the retina) caused by the drugs chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, which are sometimes used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. This eye toxicity limits long-term use of the drugs.
mefloquine 250 mg once weekly (started two and a half weeks before travel, and continued for four weeks after returning); atovaquone/proguanil (Malarone) 1 tablet daily (started one day before travel, and continued for one week after returning). Can also be used for therapy in some cases. In areas where chloroquine remains effective:
Medical experts are not finding much to like in Trump's chloroquine treatment.
Atovaquone/proguanil, sold under the brand name Malarone among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used to treat and prevent malaria, including chloroquine-resistant malaria. [2] [3] It contains atovaquone and proguanil. [3] It is not recommended for severe or complicated malaria. [3] It is taken by mouth. [3]
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are anti-malarial medications also used against some auto-immune diseases. [1] Chloroquine, along with hydroxychloroquine, was an early experimental treatment for COVID-19. [2] Neither drug has been useful to prevent or treat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The drug should be given in doses between 25 mg/kg and 35 mg/kg over three days in a similar method to that used in chloroquine administration. Adverse reactions are generally similar in severity and type to that seen in chloroquine treatment. [11] In addition, bradycardia, itching, nausea, vomiting and some abdominal pain have been recorded.
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