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Women's traditional gender role in China focused on staying at home and taking care of the house and family, while the men go and provide at work. [43] These attitudes on women's gender role are still persistent in China today, and negatively affect the amount of jobs, work hours, and pay that women are offered. [43]
In the 1880s and 1890s, both male and female Chinese reformist intellectuals, concerned with the development of China to a modern country, raised feminist issues and gender equality in public debate; schools for girls were founded, a feminist press emerged, and the Foot Emancipation Society and Tian Zu Hui, promoting the abolition of foot binding.
However, despite the gender quota established by Mao, women were severely under-represented in the more powerful positions. [8] Subsequent party leaders such as Zhao Ziyang strongly opposed women's participation in the political process. [9] In terms of the number of women in parliament, China went from 17th in the world in 1997 to 87th in 2023 ...
From the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 CE) until the modern period (1840–1919), scholars and rulers developed a male-dominated patriarchal society in China. [8] Patriarchy is a social and philosophical system where men are considered as superior to women, and thus men should have more power in decision-making than women. [9]
At the beginning of 2017, the Chinese government modified its family planning laws to allow married couples to have a second child. In 2016 the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China reported that live births in national hospitals numbered 18.46 million and the fertility rate reached 1.7 percent, the highest rate since 2000.
[77] In Chinese culture, the phrase, "Shehui xingbie" implies something different than the English word, "gender." "Shehui" means "social," and "xingbie" means "gender/sex." [77] The phrase points up the constructed gender roles in China, which many Chinese feminists have analyzed. Some Chinese feminists toy with this phrase as a way of ...
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The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was founded in China in 1921. It grew quickly and in 1949 established the People's Republic of China under the rule of Mao Zedong, the chairman of the CCP. As a Marxist–Leninist party, the CCP is theoretically committed to female equality, and has vowed to place women's liberation on their agenda. "Women hold ...