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A heap overflow, heap overrun, or heap smashing is a type of buffer overflow that occurs in the heap data area. Heap overflows are exploitable in a different manner to that of stack-based overflows. Memory on the heap is dynamically allocated at runtime and typically contains program data. Exploitation is performed by corrupting this data in ...
Visualization of a software buffer overflow. Data is written into A, but is too large to fit within A, so it overflows into B.. In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations.
Buffer overflow – out-of-bound writes can corrupt the content of adjacent objects, or internal data (like bookkeeping information for the heap) or return addresses. Buffer over-read – out-of-bound reads can reveal sensitive data or help attackers bypass address space layout randomization .
Example of a binary max-heap with node keys being integers between 1 and 100. In computer science, a heap is a tree-based data structure that satisfies the heap property: In a max heap, for any given node C, if P is the parent node of C, then the key (the value) of P is greater than or equal to the key of C.
Heap (data structure), a data structure commonly used to implement a priority queue; Heap (mathematics), a generalization of a group; Heap (programming) (or free store), an area of memory for dynamic memory allocation; Heapsort, a comparison-based sorting algorithm; Heap overflow, a type of buffer overflow that occurs in the heap data area
This almost always results in corruption of adjacent data on the stack, and in cases where the overflow was triggered by mistake, will often cause the program to crash or operate incorrectly. Stack buffer overflow is a type of the more general programming malfunction known as buffer overflow (or buffer overrun). [1]
Canaries or canary words or stack cookies are known values that are placed between a buffer and control data on the stack to monitor buffer overflows. When the buffer overflows, the first data to be corrupted will usually be the canary, and a failed verification of the canary data will therefore alert of an overflow, which can then be handled, for example, by invalidating the corrupted data.
The Boost libraries also have an implementation in the library heap. Python's heapq module implements a binary min-heap on top of a list. Java's library contains a PriorityQueue class, which implements a min-priority-queue as a binary heap. .NET's library contains a PriorityQueue class, which implements an array-backed, quaternary min-heap.