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The Ontong Java Plateau (OJP) is a massive oceanic plateau located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, north of the Solomon Islands. The OJP was formed around 116 million years ago (Ma), [ 1 ] with a much smaller volcanic event around 90 Ma.
The Manihiki Plateau was formed by volcanic activity 126 to 116 million years ago during the mid-Cretaceous period at a triple junction plate boundary called the Tongareva triple junction. [2] Initially at 125 million years ago the Manihiki Plateau formed part of the giant Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi plateau. [3]
The Hikurangi and Manihiki plateaux, north and south of the Tonga–Kermadec Ridge respectively, form part of the Ontong Java-Hikurangi-Manihiki large igneous province (LIP), the largest volcanic event on Earth during the past 200 million years. [5]
The Shatsky Rise is Earth's third largest oceanic plateau, [1] (after Ontong Java and Kerguelen) located in the north-west Pacific Ocean 1,500 km (930 mi) east of Japan.It is one of a series of Pacific Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIPs) together with Hess Rise, Magellan Rise, and Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi. [2]
The Osbourn Trough is key to understanding the postulated breakup mechanism of the historic massive Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi large igneous province (LIP), [1] as it has been shown to be the spreading centre that lead to the separation of the Manihiki Plateau to its north and the Hikurangi Plateau to its south close to New Zealand. [3]
Ontong Java Plateau: Pacific Ocean c. 122: 1.86 8.4 Manihiki Plateau and Hikurangi Plateau [31] High Arctic Large Igneous Province: Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Sverdrup Basin, Amerasian Basin, and northern Greenland: 130-60 > 1.0 [33] Paraná and Etendeka traps: Brazil, Namibia 134–129 1.5 > 1 Equatorial Atlantic Magmatic Province Brazilian ...
The Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in the South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. [4] The Ontong Java Plateau today covers an area of 1,860,000 km 2.
The Hikurangi Plateau formed part of the Ontong-Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi large igneous province (LIP) during the Ontong Java Event 120 Ma. The Manihiki Plateau is currently subducting under the southern part of the Kermadec Arc but most of it has already been subducted.