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A charge density wave (CDW) is an ordered quantum fluid of electrons in a linear chain compound or layered crystal. The electrons within a CDW form a standing wave pattern and sometimes collectively carry an electric current.
In electromagnetism, charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit length, surface area, or volume. Volume charge density (symbolized by the Greek letter ρ) is the quantity of charge per unit volume, measured in the SI system in coulombs per cubic meter (C⋅m −3), at any point in a volume.
The charge density wave (CDW) state in such materials, such as 1T-TaS 2, with a sparsely filled √13x√13 superlattice and r s =70~100 may be considered to be better described in terms of a Wigner crystal than the more traditional charge density wave.
Charge carrier density, also known as carrier concentration, denotes the number of charge carriers per volume. In SI units, it is measured in m −3. As with any density, in principle it can depend on position. However, usually carrier concentration is given as a single number, and represents the average carrier density over the whole material.
Peierls predicted that the rearrangement of the ion cores in a Peierls transition would produce periodic fluctuations in the electron density. These are commonly called charge density waves, and they are an example of collective charge transport. Several materials systems have verified the existence of these waves.
Density (at 20° C) 6.237 ... These materials have a two-dimensional character within an orthorhombic crystal structure, ... such as charge-density waves, ...
The free surface charge density: ... Example of how the polarization density in a bulk crystal is ambiguous. (a) A solid crystal. (b) By pairing the positive and ...
Hence, it can be represented as a double integral over two charge density fields representing the fields of the unit cell and the crystal lattice = ′ (′) (′) where the unit-cell charge density field () is a sum over the positions of the charges in the central unit cell = and the total charge density field () is the same sum over the unit ...