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Peribronchial cuffing, also referred to as peribronchial thickening or bronchial wall thickening, is a radiologic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). [1]
The HMPV seasonal outbreak in China, caused by respiratory syndrome human metapneumovirus (HMPV), began with an increase in cases in Beijing, China in December 2024.. It was brought to public attention when the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention published data showing that respiratory infections of human metapneumovirus had risen significantly in the week of 16 to 22 December ...
Its use may result in undertreatment, as treatments for asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or pneumonia may not be prescribed under a label of reactive airway disease. [1] Alternatively, overtreatment may occur, as patients can be prescribed inhaled beta-agonists or inhaled corticosteroids , which are medications used for asthma.
The signs and symptoms of hydronephrosis depend upon whether the obstruction is acute or chronic, partial or complete, unilateral or bilateral. Hydronephrosis that occurs acutely with sudden onset (as caused by a kidney stone) can cause intense pain in the flank area (between the hips and ribs) known as a renal colic. Historically, this type of ...
Antibiotics are the first line treatment for pneumonia; however, they are neither effective nor indicated for parasitic or viral infections. Acute bronchitis typically resolves on its own with time. [citation needed] In 2015 there were about 291 million cases. [1] These resulted in 2.74 million deaths down from 3.4 million deaths in 1990.
Walking pneumonia, a lung infection caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae, tends to be most common among older children and adolescents but in 2024 has been rampant among young children.
There is an association between pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza. [6] Damage to the lining of the airways (respiratory epithelium) and upper respiratory system caused by influenza may facilitate pneumococcal entry and infection. Other risk factors include smoking, injection drug use, hepatitis C, and COPD. [5]
Normally there are homeostatic processes in the body which maintain the concentration of body solutes within a narrow range, both inside and outside cells. The process occurs as follows: in some hypothalamic cells there are osmoreceptors which respond to hyperosmolality in body fluids by signalling the posterior pituitary gland to secrete ADH. [6]