Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Thalidomide is racemic; while S-thalidomide is the bioactive form of the molecule, the individual enantiomers can racemize to each other due to the acidic hydrogen at the chiral centre, which is the carbon of the glutarimide ring bonded to the phthalimide substituent. The racemization process can occur in vivo.
Feet of a baby born to a mother who had taken thalidomide while pregnant. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the use of thalidomide in 46 countries was prescribed to women who were pregnant or who subsequently became pregnant, and consequently resulted in the "biggest anthropogenic medical disaster ever," with more than 10,000 children born with a range of severe deformities, such as ...
For information regarding birth defects, see thalidomide. Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people) Somnolence (drowsiness; ~40%) Edema (~60%)
Developmental toxicity is any developmental malformation that is caused by the toxicity of a chemical or pathogen. It is the structural or functional alteration, reversible or irreversible, which interferes with homeostasis , normal growth , differentiation , development or behavior.
Thalidomide is a classical example highlighting the alleged role of chirality in drug toxicity. Thalidomide was a racemic therapeutic and prescribed to pregnant women to control nausea and vomiting. The drug was withdrawn from world market when it became evident that the use in pregnancy causes phocomelia (clinical conditions where babies are ...
a major public health problem (thalidomide). However, most studies of reproductive toxicity have focused on occupational or environmental exposure to chemicals and their effects on reproduction. Both consumption of alcohol and tobacco smoking are known to be "toxic for reproduction" in the sense used here.
Renal toxicity, animal carcinogenicity. [3] Bezitramide: 2004 Netherlands Risk of fatal overdose [10] Bithionol: 1967 US Dermatologic toxicity. [3] Brotizolam: 1989 UK Animal carcinogenicity. [3] Bromfenac: 1998 US Severe hepatitis and liver failure (requiring transplantation). [2] Bucetin: 1986 Germany Kidney damage [3] Buformin: 1978 Germany ...
Thalidomide — withdrawn in 1961 owing to widespread incidence of severe birth defects (phocomelia or tetraamelia) after prenatal use by pregnant women, US Food and Drug Administration approved thalidomide for erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) in 1998, and 2008 for new cases of multiple myeloma (administered with dexamethasone). A large "off ...