Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. [1] Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
The Ac Activator element is autonomous, whereas the Ds Dissociation element requires an Activator element to transpose. [1] Ac was initially discovered as enabling a Ds element to break chromosomes. Both Ac and Ds can also insert into genes, causing mutants that may revert to normal on excision of the element. [2]
Activator binds to an inducer and the complex binds to the activation sequence and activates target gene. [2] Removing the inducer stops transcription. [2] Because a small inducer molecule is required, the increased expression of the target gene is called induction. [2] The lactose operon is one example of an inducible system. [2]
The dCas9 activation system allows a desired gene or multiple genes in the same cell to be expressed. It is possible to study genes involved in a certain process using a genome wide screen that involves activating expression of genes. Examining which sgRNAs yield a phenotype suggests which genes are involved in a specific pathway.
Heat shock factors (HSF) are transcriptional activators of heat shock genes. [3] These activators bind specifically to Heat Shock sequence Elements (HSE) throughout the genome [4] whose consensus-sequence is a tandem array of three oppositely oriented "AGAAN" motifs or a degenerate version thereof.
Pioneer factors are involved in initiating cell differentiation and activation of cell-specific genes. This property is observed in histone fold-domain containing transcription factors (fork head box (FOX) [ 2 ] and NF-Y [ 3 ] ) and other transcription factors that use zinc finger(s) for DNA binding (Groucho TLE, Gal4 , and GATA).
In contrast to RNAi, promoter-targeted saRNAs induce prolonged activation of gene expression associated with epigenetic changes. [15] It is currently suggested that saRNAs are first loaded and processed by an Ago protein to form an Ago-RNA complex which is then guided by the RNA to its promoter target.
All three TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3. are synthesized as precursor molecules containing a propeptide region in addition to the TGF-β homodimer. [10] After it is synthesized, the TGF-β homodimer interact with a Latency Associated Peptide (LAP)[a protein derived from the N-terminal region of the TGF beta gene product] forming a complex called Small Latent Complex (SLC).