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Within chemistry, a Job plot, otherwise known as the method of continuous variation or Job's method, is a method used in analytical chemistry to determine the stoichiometry of a binding event. The method is named after Paul Job and is also used in instrumental analysis and advanced chemical equilibrium texts and research articles.
In physical chemistry and chemical engineering, extent of reaction is a quantity that measures the extent to which the reaction has proceeded. Often, it refers specifically to the value of the extent of reaction when equilibrium has been reached.
A function is a semivariogram if and only if it is a conditionally negative definite function, i.e. for all weights , …, subject to = = and locations , …, it holds: ∑ i = 1 N ∑ j = 1 N w i γ ( s i , s j ) w j ≤ 0 {\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{N}\sum _{j=1}^{N}w_{i}\gamma (\mathbf {s} _{i},\mathbf {s} _{j})w_{j}\leq 0}
For example, if a pilot pushes forward on the stick, speeding up as the plane dives, an uncompensated variometer only indicates that altitude is being lost. But the pilot could pull back on the stick, trading the extra speed for altitude again. A compensated variometer uses both speed and altitude to indicate the change in total energy.
Theoretical chemistry requires quantities from core physics, such as time, volume, temperature, and pressure.But the highly quantitative nature of physical chemistry, in a more specialized way than core physics, uses molar amounts of substance rather than simply counting numbers; this leads to the specialized definitions in this article.
The invariance properties of molecular descriptors can be defined as the ability of the algorithm for their calculation to give a descriptor value that is independent of the particular characteristics of the molecular representation, such as atom numbering or labeling, spatial reference frame, molecular conformations, etc. Invariance to molecular numbering or labeling is assumed as a minimal ...
An individual chemical shift δ is the mole-fraction-weighted average of the shifts δ of nuclei in contributing species. ¯ = Example: the pK a of the hydroxyl group in citric acid has been determined from 13 C chemical shift data to be 14.4.
Modern scientific calculators generally have many more capabilities than the original four- or five-function calculator, and the capabilities differ between manufacturers and models. The capabilities of a modern scientific calculator include: Scientific notation; Floating-point decimal arithmetic; Logarithmic functions, using both base 10 and ...