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Common side effects with the inhaled form include respiratory infections, cough, and headaches. [16] Common side effects with the pills include feeling tired, vomiting, and joint pains. [16] Serious side effects include an increased risk of infection, loss of bone strength, and cataracts. [16]
One such example is the treatment of inhalation of toxic hydrofluoric acid (HF) vapors. [8] Calcium gluconate is a first-line treatment for HF exposure to the skin. By using a nebulizer, calcium gluconate is delivered to the lungs as an aerosol to counteract the toxicity of inhaled HF vapors.
Potentially serious side effects include urinary retention, worsening spasms of the airways, and a severe allergic reaction. [3] It appears to be safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding . [ 3 ] [ 9 ] Ipratropium is a short-acting muscarinic antagonist , [ 10 ] which works by causing smooth muscles to relax.
The most commonly reported side effects were: oral thrush, nausea, headache, and pain in the pharynx or larynx.More rarely reported side effects (occurring in <1% of patients during the clinical trial) include: tachycardia, palpitations, dry mouth, allergic reaction (bronchospasm, dermatitis, hives), pharyngitis, muscle spasms, tremor, dizziness, insomnia, nervousness, and hypertension.
Salbutamol is usually used with an inhaler or nebulizer, but it is also available in a pill, liquid, and intravenous solution. [8] [10] Onset of action of the inhaled version is typically within 15 minutes and lasts for two to six hours. [8] Common side effects include shakiness, headache, fast heart rate, dizziness, and feeling anxious. [8]
Pulmonary drug delivery is mainly utilized for topical applications in the lungs, such as the use of inhaled beta-agonists, corticosteroids and anticholinergic agents for the treatment of asthma and COPD, the use of inhaled mucolytics and antibiotics for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CT) and respiratory viral infections, [1] and the use of inhaled prostacyclin analogs for the treatment of ...
Serious side effects include: Thrush (fungal infection in the nose or throat), slow wound healing, eye problems such as glaucoma or cataracts, weakened immune system (immunodeficiency) which causes increased susceptibility to infections and adrenal insufficiency. The inhaled form of mometasone for asthma may cause the following side effects ...
It is given by inhalation. [5] Side effects include an irregular heartbeat, respiratory depression, and hepatotoxicity. [5] Like all volatile anesthetics, it should not be used in people with a personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia. [5] It appears to be safe in porphyria. [6]
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