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The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as simply as the starling in Great Britain and Ireland, and as European starling in North America, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae.
Starlings are native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, as well as northern Australia and the islands of the tropical Pacific. Several European and Asian species have been introduced to these areas, as well as North America, Hawaii, and New Zealand, where they generally compete for habitats with native birds and are considered to be invasive species.
The genus name Sturnus is Latin for "starling". This genus has representatives across most of Eurasia and one species, the common or European starling, has been introduced to North America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. The more northerly breeding species are completely or partially migratory, wintering in warmer regions.
While starlings are often thought of as a common bird in Europe and North America, their numbers have been in decline for decades — falling 53% between 1995 and 2018 – and in the UK they are ...
A flock of starlings in Denmark. Flocks of this size and larger are common in North America following the successful introduction of the species in the 19th century. The American Acclimatization Society was a group founded in New York City in 1871 dedicated to introducing European flora and fauna into North America for both economic and ...
In 1877, he became chairman of the American Acclimatization Society and joined their efforts to introduce non-native species to North America for economic and cultural reasons. His 1890 release of European starlings in Central Park resulted in the first successful starling nesting in North America to be observed by naturalists.
For species found in the 50 states, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, the taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) used in the list are those of the AOS, the recognized scientific authority on the taxonomy and nomenclature of North and Middle American birds.
House finch (in the rest of mainland North America and Hawaii) Common starling from Europe; Shiny cowbird from South America [281] [282] Common hill myna [283] Common myna [72] Grey partridge from Europe; Himalayan snowcock from Asia, in Nevada [284] House sparrow from Europe; Spot-breasted oriole [285] Budgerigar from Australia (in Florida)